Thrombocytopoietic Efficacy of Pegylated Recombinant Human Interleukin-11 Mutein in Myelosuppressed Mice / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of PEGylated IL-11 mutein (PEG-mIL 11) with different dose or injection frequency on thrombocytopenia in myelosuppressed mice and to compare its effect with mIL-11, so as to provide reference data for clinical use.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Myelosuppressive model with thrombocyopenia was produced in BALB/c mice by whole bodyCo γ-ray irradiation in dose of administration 2.5 Gy followed by i.p. injections of carboplatin at 50 mg/kg. In study of injection frequency, 30 thrombocytopenic BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: vehicle control group (once daily on d1, 4, 7), mIL-11 group [200 µg/(kg·d)×9 d], PEG-mIL 11 A group [111800 µg/(kg·d)×1 d (d 1)], PEG-mIL 11 B group 900 µg/(kg·d)×2 d (d 1,5), and PEG-mIL 11 C group [600 µg/(kg·d)×3 d (d 1,4,7)]. The route of administration is subcutaneous injection. The platelet counts were monitored in the subsequant 5 weeks. In study of dose administration, 100 thrombocytopenic BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: vehicle control group (once daily on d1 and 5), mIL-11 group 200 µg/(kg·d)×9 d, and PEG-mIL 11 low-, mid-, and high-dose groups (200, 420 and 900 µg/(kg·d)×2 d, once a day on d1 and 5). The route of administration is subcutaneous injection. The platelet counts were monitored every 2-3 days in the subsequant 5 weeks, and CFU-Meg was determined on d 8 of the bone marrow cells collection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>AfterCo irradition and carboplatin injection, Plt level decreased with time, and a >80% reduction was noted at nadir when comparing with baseline. In frequency of administration study, the platelet nadir of the 3 PEG-mIL 11 groups were significantly higher than that of vehicle control and mIL-11 groups (P<0.05), while no significant difference was noted among the 3 groups of different administration frequences; In dose level study, the reduction of Plt count at the nadir in the 3 PEG-mIL 11 groups was significantly less than that of vehicle control and mIL-11 groups (P<0.05). And a rapid recovery of Plt count was found in the PEG-mIL 11 groups with a dose-dependent increase of Plt count on d 10. A lower reduction and a rapider recovery of RBC was also found in the PEG-mIL 11 groups. No significant effect on WBC was found for all the treatment groups. An increase in CFU-Meg was observed in PEG-mIL 11 and mIL-11 groups, with higher CFU-Meg in PEG-mIL 11 groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A preventive effect of PEG-mIL 11 on thrombocytopenia in myelosuppressed mice has been confirmed. In comparison with mIL-11, a better effect of PEG-mIL 11 is obtained under lower dose frequency, indicating a better compliance of the treatment regimen, and providing a foundation for developing a long-acting preparation of rhIL-11.</p>

Chemical constituents of Swertia patens / 中国中药杂志

Chemical constituents of Swertia patens. The whole plant of air-dried Swertia patens was extracted with 90% EtOH. The water extract was suspended in H₂O and extracted with petroleum ether, EtOAc and n-BuOH, successively. The compounds were isola- ted and purified by column chromatography from the EtOAc fraction, and identified based on spectral analyses (MS, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C- NMR). Eighteen compounds were isolated and elucidated as 3, 4-dihydro-1H,6H,8H-naptho [1,2-c:4,5-c', d'dipyrano-1, 8-dione (1), angelone (2), gentiogenal (3), erythricin (4), erythrocentaurin (5), gentianine (6), swertiakoside B (7), swertiamarin (8), 2'-O-actylswertiamarin (9), amarogentin (10), 1, 3, 5-trihydroxyxanthone (11), 1, 3-dihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone (12), 1-hydroxy- 2, 3, 5-trimethoxyxanthone (13), gentiocrucine (14), 3-hydroxyphenylketone (15), n-hexacosyl ester 4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate (16), n-hexacosyl ester 4-hydroxy-cis-cinnamate (17), and cholest-4-en-3-one (18). Compounds 1-7, 9-18 were obtained from S. patens for the first time.

Chemical constituents of Swertia kouitchensis Franch / 中国中药杂志

This study is to investigate the chemical constituents of Swertia kouitchensis. The whole plants of air-dried Swertia kouitchensis was extracted with 90% EtOH. The water extract was suspended in H2O and extracted with petroleum ether, EtOAc and n-BuOH, successively. The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography from the EtOAc fraction, and their structures were identified based on spectral analyses (MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR). Twenty-eight compounds were obtained, and characterized as erythrocentaurin (1), erythrocentaurin dimethylacetal (2), swertiamarin (3), vogeloside (4), 2'-O- actylswertiamarin (5), swertianoside D (6), gentiocrucines A-B (7-8), gentiocrucine (9), 1-hydroxy-3, 7, 8-trimethoxyxanthone (10), 1-hydroxy-3, 5, 6-trimethoxyxanthone (11), 3-epitaraxerol (12), erythrodiol 3-O-palmitate (13), (+) -syringaresinol (14), caffeic acid (15), trans-coniferyl aldehyde (16), trans-coniferyl alcohol (17), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (18), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid (19), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic aldehyde (20), 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (21), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (22), 3-acetoxybenzoic acid (23), 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (24), 3-hydroxybenzoic alcohol (25), nicotinic acid (26), 2-furoic acid (27), and uracil (28). Compounds 1-4, 6-28 were obtained from S. kouitchensis for the first time.

Chemical constituents of Swertia angustifolia / 中国中药杂志

This present work is to study the chemical constituents of Swertia angustifolia. The whole plants of air-dried Swertia angustifolia was extracted with 90% EtOH. The water extract was suspended in H2O and extracted with petroleum ether, EtOAc and nBuOH, successively. The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography from the EtOAc fraction, and identified based on spectral analyses (MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR). Fourteen compounds were isolated and characterized as 1, 8-dihydroxy-3, 7-dimethoxyxanthone (1), 1, 8-dihydroxy-3, 5, 7-trimethoxyxanthone (2), 7-hydroxy-3, 8-dimethoxyxanthone-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 8-0-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-6) -β-D-glucopyranosyl] -1, 7-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (4), (+) -syringaresinol (5), ferulic acid (6), trans-coniferyl aldehyde (7), sinapaldehyde (8), trans-coniferyl alcohol (9), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (10), 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (11), isophthalic acid (12), 2-furoic acid (13), and 2-methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone(14). Compounds 2-14 were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Chemical constituents from ethyl acetate extract of flower of Albizia julibrissin / 中国中药杂志

The ethyl acetate extract of the flower of Albizia julibrissin was isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and MCI GEL CHP-20P column chromatography to yield 29 compounds. Their structures were elucidated as 8-hydroxy-2, 6-dimethyl-2E, 6Z-octadienoic acid (1), 8-O-formyl-2, 6-dimethyl-2E, 6Z-octadienoic acid (la), 8-hydroxy-2, 6-dimethyl-2E, 6E-octadienoic acid (2), 8-O-formyl-2, 6-dimethyl-2E, 6E-octadienoic acid (2a), (2E, 6S)-2, 6-dimethyl-6-O-beta-D-xylpyranosyloxy-2, 7-menthia-folic acid (3), clovan-2beta, 9alpha-diol (4), 2beta-O-formyl-clovan-9alpha-ol (4a), 2beta, 9alpha-O-diformyl-clovan (4b), vomifoliol (5), (6S, 9R)-roseoside (6), vanillin (7), 4-O-ethylgallic acid (8), 3-ethoxy4-hydroxy-benzoic acid (9), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (10), gallic acid (11), protocatechoic acid (12), stearic acid (13), palmitic acid (14), 2, 3-dihydroxypropyl hexadecanoate (15), linoleic acid (16), scopoletin (17), indole-3-carboxaldehyde (18), 2-furoic acid (19), 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde (20), (22E, 24R)-5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxy-ergosta-6, 22-dien-3beta-ol (21), (22E, 24R)-5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxy-ergosta-6, 9, 22-trien-3beta-ol (22), (+)-lariciresinol 9'-stearate (23), formononetin (24) and uridine (25). Compounds 1a, 2a, 4a and 4b were new artifacts from the separation process, and others were obtained from A. julibrissin for the first time.

Unsedated versus sedated gastrointestinal endoscopy: A questionnaire investigation in Wuhan, central China / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

National data show that in China mainland unsedated gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy has been applied in most hospitals for clinical examination, while sedated GI endoscopy is only performed in some hospitals. The purpose of this study was to compare sedated versus unsedated GI endoscopy regarding cost, safety, degree of comfort, tolerance level and overall satisfaction of patients over a 6-month period investigation. From March to September 2011, a questionnaire survey was performed on 1800 patients and 30 physicians at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command. The patients fell into two groups according to their own decisions: the unsedated group (n=1000) and the sedated group (n=800). After examination, the patients and the physicians were required to fill in a questionnaire form. All the data were analyzed statistically. The results showed that the main factors the patients took for consideration between sedated and unsedated procedures included economy, comfort and safety. The income levels between the sedated and unsedated groups showed significant difference (P<0.01). Most patients in the unsedated group had lower income and were covered by less medical insurance. The tolerance rate was 92.4% vs. 65.5% between the sedated and unsedated group, respectively. 95.5% patients in the sedated group and 72.1% patients in the unsedated group chose the same endoscopy procedure for repeat examination. The survey data from endoscopists suggested the sedated procedure was more comfortable but less safe than the unsedated procedure (P<0.01). In China, unsedated GI endoscopy is now widely accepted by the majority of patients due to low cost and safety. Compared to unsedated GI endoscopy, sedated GI endoscopy is less painful, but more expensive and less safe. With the rapid improvement of people's living standard and the reliability of sedation technology, we expect sedated GI endoscopy will be gradually accepted by more patients.

Unsedated versus sedated gastrointestinal endoscopy: a questionnaire investigation in Wuhan, central China / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

National data show that in China mainland unsedated gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy has been applied in most hospitals for clinical examination, while sedated GI endoscopy is only performed in some hospitals. The purpose of this study was to compare sedated versus unsedated GI endoscopy regarding cost, safety, degree of comfort, tolerance level and overall satisfaction of patients over a 6-month period investigation. From March to September 2011, a questionnaire survey was performed on 1800 patients and 30 physicians at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command. The patients fell into two groups according to their own decisions: the unsedated group (n=1000) and the sedated group (n=800). After examination, the patients and the physicians were required to fill in a questionnaire form. All the data were analyzed statistically. The results showed that the main factors the patients took for consideration between sedated and unsedated procedures included economy, comfort and safety. The income levels between the sedated and unsedated groups showed significant difference (P<0.01). Most patients in the unsedated group had lower income and were covered by less medical insurance. The tolerance rate was 92.4% vs. 65.5% between the sedated and unsedated group, respectively. 95.5% patients in the sedated group and 72.1% patients in the unsedated group chose the same endoscopy procedure for repeat examination. The survey data from endoscopists suggested the sedated procedure was more comfortable but less safe than the unsedated procedure (P<0.01). In China, unsedated GI endoscopy is now widely accepted by the majority of patients due to low cost and safety. Compared to unsedated GI endoscopy, sedated GI endoscopy is less painful, but more expensive and less safe. With the rapid improvement of people's living standard and the reliability of sedation technology, we expect sedated GI endoscopy will be gradually accepted by more patients.

Influence of periodontal ligament injury on initial stability for immediately loaded mini-implant / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the influence of periodontal ligament (PDL) injury on initial stability for immediately loaded mini-implant anchorage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The sample consisted of 153 adult patients with maxillary protrusion deformity. Guiding by the positioning device designed by Choi, 306 mini-implants were inserted by self-tapping in the upper right and left buccal areas between the first molars and second premolars. The mini-implants were divided into two groups according to CT scanning. The mini-implant was absolutely separated from PDL (group I), the mini-implant appeared to touch or overlay on PDL, but not contact to the adjacent roots (group II). If orthodontic force could be applied to the mini-implants for four months, the mini-implant was recorded as successful anchorage. After immediate loading for four months, the analyses were completed by SPSS 9.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 306 inserted mini-implants, 162 were absolutely separated from PDL, 136 appeared to touch or overlay on PDL, but not contact to the adjacent roots, and 8 were excluded from this study because of injury to the adjacent root. The success rates of group I and II were 87.0% and 65.4% respectively. There were significant differences in the success rates between the two groups (P<0.001). The differences between the two groups in distribution of the upper right and left area had statistical significance (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PDL injury is one of the main reasons leading to early loosening of the mini-implant.</p>

Effects of anti-angiopoietin-2 antibody on vascularization of an implanted model of human colonic carcinoma on chick embryo / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an implanted model of human colonic carcinoma on chick embryo, and to study the effects of anti-angiopoietin-2 antibody on its vascularization.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29 was transplanted on the chick embryo's chorioallantoic membrane(CAM), and the angiogenesis characteristics were observed by stero-microscope, light microscope and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the effects of anti-angiopoietin-2 antibody on angiogenesis and tumor growth were also investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three to seven days after HT-29 cell line was implanted into CAM, tumors grew rapidly and new blood vessels grew toward tumors. Five days after anti-angiopoietin-2 antibody was given, the number of blood vessels in anti-angiopoietin-2 antibody group was significantly down-regulated than that in tumor control group observed by stero-microscope (37.2+/-4.6 vs 56.8+/-7.4, P<0.01), but was up-regulated than that in normal control group (37.2+/-4.6 vs 9.6+/-2.4, P<0.01). Microvessel density(MVD) in anti-angiopoietin-2 antibody group was much lower than that in tumor control group by histological examination (9.6+/-2.4 vs 20.2+/-5.8, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Angiopoietin-2 antibody is able to inhibit the angiogenesis induced by colorectal cancer cell line HT-29 obviously. The anti-angiopoietin-2 antibody may be potentially useful for clinical treatment of colonic carcinoma.</p>

Briefly on clinical medication features of professor LIU Bi-chen / 中华中医药杂志

Professor LIU Bi-chen has 60 years' experience in the traditional Chinese medicine.He possesses the unique theories,rich clinical experience and excellent clinical effect.He has made contributions to the Pediatrics of traditional Chinese medicine.The article tries to summarize the essence of LIU Bi-chen's clinical experience,as to show the regulation and characteristics and give introduction to the reader.it is mainly consists of the thought of cure from the lung、shaoyang theory、medicinal formular、applied of arctium fruit.etc.